Contraception
Volume 76, Issue 6 , Pages 444-450 , December 2007

The contraceptive vaginal ring: female adolescents' knowledge, attitudes and plans for use

  • Alexandra S. Carey

      Affiliations

    • Division of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
    • Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Division of Adolescent Medicine, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
    • ,
  • Laurel Chiappetta

      Affiliations

    • Division of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
    • Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
    • ,
  • Katie Tremont

      Affiliations

    • Division of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
    • Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
    • ,
  • Pamela J. Murray

      Affiliations

    • Division of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
    • Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
    • University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
    • ,
  • Melanie A. Gold

      Affiliations

    • Division of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
    • Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
    • University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA

Received 2 May 2007 ,Revised 26 July 2007 ,Accepted 27 July 2007.

References 

  1. Guttmacher Institute . U.S. teenage pregnancy statistics: national and state trends and trends by race and ethnicity. http://www.guttmacher.org/pubs/2006/09/11/USTPstats.pdfAccessed Sept. 12, 2006
  2. Darroch JE, Frost JJ, Singh S. Teenage sexual and reproductive behaviour in developed countries: can more progress be made? Occasional report. In: New York: Alan Guttmacher Institute (AGI); 2001;p. 1–122No. 3
  3. Finer LB, Henshaw SK. Disparities in rates of unintended pregnancy in the United States, 1994 and 2001. Perspect Sex Reprod Health. 2006;38:90–96
  4. Abma JC, Martinez GM, Mosher WD. Teenagers in the United States: sexual activity, contraceptive use, and childbearing 2002. National Center for Health Statistics. Vital Health Stat. 2004;23(24):
  5. Santelli JS, Morrow B, Anderson JE, Lindberg LD. Contraceptive use and pregnancy risk among US high school students, 1991–2003. Perspect Sex Reprod Health. 2006;38:106–111
  6. Organon International . NuvaRing® (etonogestrel/ethinyl estradiol). http://www.organon.com/products/gynecology/contraception/nuvaring/aspAccessed April 25, 2007
  7. Mulders TM, Dieben TO, Bennink HJ. Ovarian function with a novel combined contraceptive vaginal ring. Hum Reprod. 2002;17:2594–2599
  8. Mulders TM, Dieben TO. Use of the novel combined contraceptive vaginal ring NuvaRing for ovulation inhibition. Fertil Steril. 2001;75:865–870
  9. Dieben TO, Roumen FJ, Apter D. Efficacy, cycle control, and user acceptability of a novel combined contraceptive vaginal ring. Obstet Gynecol. 2002;100:585–593
  10. Szarewski A. High acceptability and satisfaction with NuvaRing use. Eur J Contracept Reprod Health Care. 2002;7:31–36
  11. Novak A, de la Loge C, Abetz L, van der Meulen EA. The combined contraceptive vaginal ring, NuvaRing: an international study of user acceptability. Contraception. 2003;67:187–194
  12. Roumen FJ, op ten Berg MM, Hoomans EH. The combined contraceptive vaginal ring (NuvaRing): first experience in daily clinical practice in the Netherlands. Eur J Contracept Reprod Health Care. 2006;11:14–22
  13. Waldbaum AS, Funk S, Alexander NJ. Acceptability of NuvaRing, a new method of combined contraception. Fertil Steril. 2002;78:25–35
  14. Roumen FJ, Apter D, Mulders TM, Dieben TO. Efficacy, tolerability and acceptability of a novel contraceptive vaginal ring releasing etonogestrel and ethinyl oestradiol. Hum Reprod. 2001;16:469–475
  15. Westhoff C, Osborne LM, Schafer JE, Morroni C. Bleeding patterns after immediate initiation of an oral compared with a vaginal hormonal contraceptive. Obstet Gynecol. 2005;106:89–96
  16. Bjarnadottir RI, Tuppurainen M, Killick SR. Comparison of cycle control with a combined contraceptive vaginal ring and oral levonorgestrel/ethinyl estradiol. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2002;186:389–395
  17. van den Heuvel MW, van Bragt AJ, Alnabawy AK, Kaptein MC. Comparison of ethinylestradiol pharmacokinetics in three hormonal contraceptive formulations: the vaginal ring, the transdermal patch, and an oral contraceptive. Contraception. 2005;72:168–174
  18. Timmer CJ, Mulders TM. Pharmacokinetics of etonogestrel and ethinylestradiol released from a combined contraceptive vaginal ring. Clin Pharm. 2000;39:233–242
  19. Veres S, Miller L, Burington B. A comparison between the vaginal ring and oral contraceptives. Obstet Gynecol. 2004;104:555–563
  20. Smith SM, Baskin GB, Marx PA. Estrogen protects against vaginal transmission of simian immunodeficiency virus. J Infect Dis. 2000;182:708–715
  21. Eschenbach DA, Davick PR, Williams BL, et al. Prevalence of hydrogen peroxide-producing Lactobacillus species in normal women and women with bacterial vaginosis. J Clin Microbiol. 1989;27:251–256
  22. Schafer JE, Osborne LM, Davis AR, Westhoff C. Acceptability and satisfaction using Quick Start with the contraceptive vaginal ring versus an oral contraceptive. Contraception. 2006;73:488–492

☆ This study was financially supported by the research fund of the Division of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA.

PII: S0010-7824(07)00410-6

doi: 10.1016/j.contraception.2007.07.013

Contraception
Volume 76, Issue 6 , Pages 444-450 , December 2007

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