« Previous
Next »
Contraception
Volume 78, Issue 5
, Pages 377-383
, November 2008
Risk of hyperkalemia in women taking ethinylestradiol/drospirenone and other oral contraceptives
References
- The effect of spironolactone on morbidity and mortality in patients with severe heart failure. N Engl J Med. 1999;341:709–717
- Eplerenone, a selective aldosterone blocker, in patients with left ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med. 2003;348:1309–1321
- Rates of hyperkalemia after publication of the randomized aldactone evaluation study. N Engl J Med. 2004;351:543–551
- Long-term safety of drospirenone-estradiol for hormone therapy: a randomized, double-blind, multicenter trial. Menopause. 2005;12:716–727
- . Effects of drospirenone/17-b estradiol on blood pressure and potassium balance in hypertensive postmenopausal women. Am J Hypertens. 2005;18:797–804
- . Aldosterone blockade and heart failure. N Engl J Med. 2003;348:1380–1382
- . The central role of the propensity score in observational studies for causal effects. Biometrika. 1983;70:41–55
- . Invited commentary: propensity scores. Am J Epidemiol. 1999;150:327–333
- . Estimating causal effects from large data sets using propensity scores. Ann Intern Med. 1997;127:757–763
- . Matching using estimated propensity scores: relating theory to practice. Biometrics. 1996;52:249–264
- . An application of propensity score matching using claims data. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Safety. 2005;14:465–476
- . Epidemiology. An introduction. New York (NY): Oxford University Press; 2002;
- . Simple SAS macros for the calculation of exact binomial and Poisson confidence limits. Comput Biol Med. 1992;22:351–361
- SAS/STAT, Version 8.2. Cary (NC): SAS Institute; 2001;
- Stata Statistical Software: Release 6. College Station (Tex): StataCorp LP; 1999;
- . Supplemental data collection with case-cohort analysis to address confounding in a cohort study of thromboembolism in oral contraceptive initiators matched on claims-based propensity scores. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Safety. 2008;17:297–305
- . The adequacy of laboratory monitoring in patients treated with spironolactone for congestive heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2005;46:845–849
- . How prevalent is hyperkalemia and renal dysfunction during treatment with spironolactone in patients with congestive heart failure?. J Card Fail. 2004;10:297–303
- . Managing hyperkalemia caused by inhibitors of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system. N Engl J Med. 2004;351:585–592
- . Treatment of heart failure with spironolactone — trial and tribulations. N Engl J Med. 2004;351:526–528
- . Safety of a new oral contraceptive containing drospirenone. Drug Safety. 2004;27:1001–1018
- . Spironolactone versus placebo or in combination with steroids for hirsutism and/or acne. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2003;(4):CD000194
☆ This study was funded by a research contract between Ingenix i3 Drug Safety and Berlex (now a unit of Bayer Health Care). The contract granted i3 Drug Safety oversight of the study conduct, reporting and interpretation, as well as final wording of any resulting manuscripts.
PII: S0010-7824(08)00342-9
doi: 10.1016/j.contraception.2008.06.012
© 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
« Previous
Next »
Contraception
Volume 78, Issue 5
, Pages 377-383
, November 2008
