« Previous
Next »
Contraception
Volume 81, Issue 6
, Pages 501-509
, June 2010
Long-term efficacy and safety of a monophasic combined oral contraceptive containing 0.02 mg ethinylestradiol and 2 mg chlormadinone acetate administered in a 24/4-day regimen
References
- . A statement by the committee on safety of drugs. Br Med J. 1970;2:231–232
- . R.C.O.G. statement on oral contraceptives. Br Med J. 1970;2:293
- . [Recommendations for oral contraception. 20th Professional Meeting of the Zurich Discussion Group, April 1998]. Gynakol Geburtshilfliche Rundsch. 1998;38:164–165
- . [Recommendations for oral contraception. 24th meeting of the “Zurich Discussion Circle”]. Gynakol Geburtshilfliche Rundsch. 2000;40:172–175
- Shorter pill-free interval in combined oral contraceptives decreases follicular development. Contraception. 1996;54:71–77
- . Contraceptive efficacy and tolerability of chlormadinone acetate 2mg/ethinylestradiol 0.03mg (Belara®). Results of a post-marketing surveillance study. Clin Drug Invest. 2002;22:221–231
- . Efficacy of an oral contraceptive containing ethinyl estradiol 0.03 mg and chlormadinone acetate 2 mg (EE/CMA; Belara®) in moderate acne resolution: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase III trial. Contraception. 2009;80(1):25–33
- . A 12-month evaluation of the CMA-containing oral contraceptive Belara: efficacy, tolerability and anti-androgenic properties. Contraception. 2003;67:305–312
- A comparative study of the hemostatic effects of two monophasic oral contraceptives containing 30 mu(g) ethinylestradiol and either 2 mg chlormadinone acetate or 150 mu(g) desogestrel. Eur J Contracept Reprod Health Care. 1999;4:145–154
- . Acne resolution rates: results of a single-blind, randomized, controlled, parallel phase III trial with EE/CMA (Belara) and EE/LNG (Microgynon). Dermatology. 2001;203:38–44
- . Efficacy and safety of the new antiandrogenic oral contraceptive Belara. Contraception. 1998;57:103–109
- . Efficacy, safety and sustainability of treatment continuation and results of an oral contraceptive containing 30 mcg ethinyl estradiol and 2 mg chlormadinone acetate, in long-term usage (up to 45 cycles) — an open-label, prospective, noncontrolled, office-based Phase III study. Contraception. 2008;77:337–343
- . Switching hormonal contraceptives to a chlormadinone acetate-containing oral contraceptive. The Contraceptive Switch Study. Contraception. 2007;76:84–90
- . 20 mcg versus >20 mcg estrogen combined oral contraceptives for contraception. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2005;CD003989
- . Effect of 21-day and 24-day oral contraceptive regimens containing gestodene (60 microg) and ethinyl estradiol (15 microg) on ovarian activity. Fertil Steril. 1999;72:115–120
- . Measuring compliance among oral contraceptive users. Fam Plann Perspect. 1996;28:154–158
- In: Pre-authorisation Evaluation of Medicines for Human Use. Guideline on clinical investigation of steroid contraceptives in women. London: EMEA; 2006;p. 1–6Available at: http://www.ema.europa.eu/pdfs/human/ewp/051998en.pdf
- . Application of the life table techniques to measurements of contraceptive effectiveness. Demography. 1966;3:297–304
- . The analysis of vaginal bleeding patterns induced by fertility regulating methods. World Health Organization Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction. Contraception. 1986;34:253–260
- . Trends in the content and use of oral contraceptives in the United States, 1964–88. Am J Public Health. 1991;81:90–96
- . Modern oral contraception. 1st ed. Totowa, NJ: Emron; 2000;
- . Hormone withdrawal symptoms in oral contraceptive users. Obstet Gynecol. 2000;95:261–266
- . Acceptance of altering the standard 21-day/7-day oral contraceptive regimen to delay menses and reduce hormone withdrawal symptoms. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2002;186:1142–1149
- . Efficacy and safety of a low-dose 24-day combined oral contraceptive containing 20 micrograms ethinylestradiol and 3 mg drospirenone. Contraception. 2004;70:191–198
- . Efficacy and safety of a low-dose monophasic combination oral contraceptive containing 100 microg levonorgestrel and 20 microg ethinyl estradiol (Alesse). North American Levonorgestrel Study Group (NALSG). Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1999;181:39–44
- . Efficacy and safety of a low-dose 21-day combined oral contraceptive containing ethinylestradiol 20microg and drospirenone 3mg. Clin Drug Investig. 2006;26:143–150
- . Double-blind, multicenter comparison of efficacy, cycle control, and tolerability of a 23-day versus a 21-day low-dose oral contraceptive regimen containing 20 microg ethinyl estradiol and 75 microg gestodene. Contraception. 2001;64:99–105
- . Use and misuse of oral contraceptives: risk indicators for poor pill taking and discontinuation. Contraception. 1995;51:283–288
- . Comparison profiles of cycle control, side effects and sexual satisfaction of three hormonal contraceptives. Contraception. 2006;74:220–223
- . The description of menstrual bleeding patterns: towards fewer measures. Stat Med. 1991;10:267–284
- . The safety and contraceptive efficacy of a 24-day low-dose oral contraceptive regimen containing gestodene 60 μg and ethinylestradiol 15 μg. Eur J Contracept Reprod Health Care. 1999;4(Suppl. 2):9–15
- . A comparison of the cycle control, safety, and efficacy profile of a 21-day regimen of ethinylestradiol 20mug and drospirenone 3mg with a 21-day regimen of ethinylestradiol 20mug and desogestrel 150mug. Treat Endocrinol. 2006;5:115–121
- . A comparison of the cycle control and tolerability of two ultra low-dose oral contraceptives containing 20 micrograms ethinylestradiol and either 150 micrograms desogestrel or 75 micrograms gestodene. Eur J Contracept Reprod Health Care. 1998;3:179–189
- . Cycle control, quality of life and acne with two low-dose oral contraceptives containing 20 microg ethinylestradiol. Contraception. 2004;69:469–476
- . Low-dose ethinylestradiol/levonorgestrel. Drugs. 2005;65:2299–2306discussion 307-8
- . Occlusive vascular diseases in oral contraceptive users. Epidemiology, pathology and mechanisms. Drugs. 2000;60:721–869
- . Venous thrombosis and oral contraceptives: current status. Women's Health. 2006;2:761–772
- Oral contraceptives and the risk of venous thrombosis. N Engl J Med. 2001;344:1527–1535
- . Multicenter study of endocrine function and plasma lipids and lipoproteins in women using oral contraceptives containing desogestrel progestin. UK Desogen Study Group. Contraception. 1997;55:219–224
- An open label, comparative study of the effects of a dose-reduced oral contraceptive containing 20 microg ethinyl estradiol and 100 microg levonorgestrel on hemostatic, lipids, and carbohydrate metabolism variables. Contraception. 2002;65:215–221
- . A randomized study on the influence of oral contraceptives containing ethinylestradiol combined with drospirenone or desogestrel on lipid and lipoprotein metabolism over a period of 13 cycles. Contraception. 2004;69:271–278
- . A survey of American women regarding the use of oral contraceptives and weight gain [abstract]. Int J Gynecol Obstet. 2000;70:114
- . What women want and what their doctors need — how do women evaluate the quality of contraceptive methods and products introduced by their gynaecologist? A different perspective. Eur J Contracept Reprod Health Care. 2005;10(Suppl 1):2–6
- . A prospective study of the effects of oral contraceptives on sexuality and well-being and their relationship to discontinuation. Contraception. 2001;64:51–58
- . Die Wirkung der Androgene auf das Zyklusgeschehen. In: Loch EG, Schramm G editor. Chlormadinonacetat bei Androgenisierungserscheinungen. Schattauer: Stuttgart; 1995;p. 42–55
- . Acne vulgaris in premenarchal girls. An early sign of puberty associated with rising levels of dehydroepiandrosterone. Arch Dermatol. 1994;130:308–314
- . Postadolescent acne in women. Cutis. 1991;48:75–77
- . Combined oral contraceptive pills for treatment of acne. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007;CD004425
- . Noncontraceptive benefits of two combined oral contraceptives with antiandrogenic properties among adolescents. Contraception. 2007;76:342–347
- . In: Loch EGSG editors. Chemie und Pharmakologie von Chlormadinonacetat Chlormadinonacetat bei Androgenisierungserscheinungen. Schattauer: Stuttgart; 1995;
- . Progestogens with antiandrogenic properties. Drugs. 2003;63:463–492
☆ Conflict of interest statement: Professor Brucker is a member of an advisory board on 0.02 mg EE/2 mg CMA sponsored by Grünenthal GmbH, Aachen, Germany.
PII: S0010-7824(10)00012-0
doi: 10.1016/j.contraception.2010.01.011
© 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
« Previous
Next »
Contraception
Volume 81, Issue 6
, Pages 501-509
, June 2010
