Abstract
Background
We evaluated the effects of cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) induction and inhibition
on steady-state pharmacokinetics of the components of a novel oral contraceptive (OC)
containing estradiol valerate (E2V) and dienogest (DNG).
Study Design
CYP3A4 induction was assessed in an open-label, one-arm study. Sixteen healthy postmenopausal
women received E2V 2 mg/DNG 3 mg (days 1���17) and concomitant rifampicin (600 mg, days 12���16). Ratios
of the area under the serum concentration���time curve between 0 and 24 h [AUC(0���24 h)] and maximum serum concentration (Cmax) of E2 and DNG on days 17 and 11 (after and before rifampicin intervention) are presented.
CYP3A4 inhibition was investigated in an open-label, parallel-group study in 24 healthy
postmenopausal women receiving E2V 2 mg/DNG 3 mg (days 1���14) and concomitant ketoconazole (400 mg, n=12) or erythromycin (500 mg three times daily, n=12) on days 8���14. Mean ratios of AUC(0���24 h) and Cmax of E2 and DNG on days 7 and 14 are presented.
Results
Concomitant administration of rifampicin decreased systemic drug exposure and yielded
geometric mean ratios for E2 Cmax and AUC(0���24 h) of 75% and 56%, respectively. Corresponding mean ratios for DNG were 48% and 17%,
respectively. Ketoconazole coadministration increased systemic drug exposure and yielded
ratios of E2 of 165% and 157%, respectively, and ratios of DNG of 194% and 286%, respectively.
Erythromycin coadministration also resulted in increased mean Cmax and AUC(0���24 h) of both E2 and DNG. Geometric mean ratios of Cmax and AUC(0���24 h) for E2 were 151% and 133%, respectively. Corresponding ratios for DNG were 133% and 162%,
respectively.
Conclusions
Significant drug���drug interactions are apparent when CYP3A4 modulators are coadministered
with the components of a novel OC containing E2V/DNG. Coadministration of CYP3A4 modulators should be avoided where possible, and
another type of contraception should be used when coadministration of CYP3A4 inducers
like rifampicin is unavoidable.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: March 26, 2012
Accepted:
January 20,
2012
Received in revised form:
January 19,
2012
Received:
August 3,
2011
Footnotes
���Conflicts of interest: All authors are employees of Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals.
Identification
Copyright
© 2012 Elsevier Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
