Abstract
Background
Since the prescription requirement for oral contraceptives (OCs) can act as a barrier
for some women, over-the-counter (OTC) access may improve uptake and continuation.
The goal of this study was to ascertain the prescription requirements and informal
OTC availability of OCs worldwide.
Study Design
From April 2011 to September 2012, we researched official documentation and conducted
an online survey with government officials and pharmaceutical and reproductive health
specialists on OC availability in countries worldwide. Results were compiled in a
database and entered into a map for analysis of regional patterns.
Results
Data were obtained for 147 countries. OCs were informally available without prescription
in 38% of countries, legally available without prescription (no screening by a health
professional required) in 24% of countries, legally available without prescription
(screening required) in 8% of countries and available only by prescription in 31%
of countries. Notable regional patterns in OC prescription requirements emerged.
Conclusions
OCs are available without prescription in the majority of countries. Country experiences
with OTC provision may provide evidence about the safety and effectiveness of OTC
provision as a strategy to improve access to effective family planning.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: December 10, 2012
Accepted:
November 29,
2012
Received in revised form:
November 12,
2012
Received:
October 9,
2012
Identification
Copyright
© 2013 Elsevier Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
