Abstract
Background
Concerns about weight gain may influence contraceptive use. We compared the change
in body weight over the first 12 months of use between women using the etonogestrel
(ENG) implant, the levonorgestrel intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) or depot medroxyprogesterone
acetate (DMPA) with women using the copper intrauterine device (IUD).
Study Design
This was a substudy of the Contraceptive CHOICE Project, a prospective cohort study
of 9256 women provided no-cost contraception. Women who had been using the ENG implant,
LNG-IUS, DMPA or copper IUD continuously for at least 11 months were eligible for
participation. We obtained body weight at enrollment and at 12 months and compared
the weight change for each progestin-only method to the copper IUD.
Results
We enrolled a total of 427 women: 130 ENG implant users, 130 LNG-IUS users, 67 DMPA
users and 100 copper IUD users. The mean weight change (in kilograms) over 12 months
was 2.1 for ENG implant users [standard deviation (SD)=6.7]; 1.0 for LNG-IUS users
(SD=5.3); 2.2 for DMPA users (SD=4.9) and 0.2 for copper IUD users (SD=5.1). The range
of weight change was broad across all contraceptive methods. In the unadjusted linear
regression model, ENG implant and DMPA use were associated with weight gain compared
to the copper IUD. However, in the adjusted model, no difference in weight gain with
the ENG implant, LNG-IUS or DMPA was observed. Only Black race was associated with
significant weight gain (1.3 kg, 95% confidence interval=0.2���2.4) when compared
to other racial groups.
Conclusions
Weight change was variable among women using progestin-only contraceptives. Black
race was a significant predictor of weight gain among contraceptive users.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: March 20, 2013
Accepted:
March 11,
2013
Received in revised form:
March 6,
2013
Received:
November 12,
2012
Footnotes
���Disclosures: Dr. Madden receives research funding from Merck & Co, Inc. and honorarium from Bayer Healthcare Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Allworth receives research funding from Bayer Healthcare Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Peipert receives research funding from Merck & Co, Inc. and Bayer Healthcare Pharmaceuticals.
Identification
Copyright
© 2013 Elsevier Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
